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Fashion Startup Cheat Sheet:
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Apparel Pattern
Professional: A blueprint of a garment that shows its shape, size, and construction details for cutting and sewing.
Beginner: Think of it like the template your clothes are cut from — every production starts here.
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Art File
Professional: A digital file containing graphics, logos, or artwork to be printed, embroidered, or otherwise applied to a garment. Typically provided in vector formats (AI, EPS, PDF) to ensure precision and scalability.
For Beginners: The digital design you give a factory or printer so your logo, print, or artwork comes out clean on your clothes.
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Bill of Materials (BOM)
Professional: A detailed list of all materials, trims, and components required to make a garment.
Beginner: A shopping list for your clothing design.
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Bulk Production
Professional: The stage where garments are manufactured in large quantities after sampling is approved.
Beginner: Making your full order, not just a test piece.
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Cost Sheet
Professional: A document that breaks down material, labor, overhead, and total garment costs.
Beginner: A budget sheet that shows how much your product really costs to make.
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Cut and Sew
Professional: A garment construction method where fabric is cut into pieces and stitched together, often used for custom streetwear.
Beginner: Clothing made from scratch, not blanks.
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Design Development
Professional: The process of refining sketches into patterns, samples, and production-ready garments.
Beginner: Turning your idea into something real you can wear.
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Fit Sample
Professional: The first prototype made to check sizing, proportions, and fit accuracy.
Beginner: A test version of your design to see how it fits.
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Flat Sketch
Professional: A 2D technical drawing of a garment showing construction details without a body figure.
Beginner: A line drawing that shows your design clearly for factories.
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Grading
Professional: The process of scaling a base pattern into multiple sizes (XS, S, M, L, XL).
Beginner: Turning one size into many.
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Lead Time
Professional: The amount of time required to complete a stage of production (sampling, bulk).
Beginner: How long it takes from start to finish.
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Line Sheet
Professional: A catalog that shows a brand’s collection with product images, descriptions, and wholesale pricing.
Beginner: A sales sheet for buyers or retailers.
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Marker
Professional: A layout diagram showing how fabric should be cut to maximize efficiency and reduce waste.
Beginner: A cutting map for fabric.
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MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity)
Professional: The smallest number of units a factory will accept for production.
Beginner: The minimum amount you’re allowed to order from a manufacturer.
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PO (Purchase Order)
Professional: A legally binding document issued by a buyer to confirm a purchase with a supplier or factory.
Beginner: The official order form for your production run.
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Production Run
Professional: The full batch of garments manufactured in bulk after sampling approval.
Beginner: The factory making your entire order.
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Sampling
Professional: The process of making test garments to refine design, fit, and quality before bulk production.
Beginner: Making practice versions of your design before producing many.
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Sourcing
Professional: The process of finding and securing fabrics, trims, and factories for garment production.
Beginner: Shopping for the right fabrics and suppliers.
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Spec Sheet
Professional: A document that details garment measurements, construction, and materials for factories.
Beginner: A measurement sheet for your design.
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Tech Pack
Professional: A detailed instruction manual containing garment specifications, construction details, BOM, and measurement specs.
Beginner: The guide factories need to make your design exactly right.
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Trims
Professional: Additional components used in garment construction, such as zippers, buttons, labels.
Beginner: All the extras that finish a garment.
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Wholesale
Professional: Selling products in bulk to retailers at a reduced per-unit price.
Beginner: Selling your designs to stores, not just customers.
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Yield
Professional: The amount of fabric required to produce a single garment, calculated for costing and production planning.
Beginner: How much fabric it takes to make one piece.
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Zero-Waste Pattern
Professional: A patternmaking technique designed to eliminate fabric waste by using all material efficiently.
Beginner: A way to design clothes without leftover scraps.